2005-12-12 CRI 英语新闻周报
新闻稿：
UNAIDS Urges More Involvement of China's NGOs in Fight Against AIDS
A senior official from the United Nations agency, UNAIDS, has urged China's non-governmental and community-based organizations to participate more effectively in the fight against AIDS.
UNAIDS China coordinator, Joel Rehnstrom, told a press conference that NGOs and community-based organizations have a crucial role to play in the nationwide action against AIDS.
He also noted that without sustainable attention to AIDS, the efforts of the Chinese government to create a prosperous, harmonious and well-off society would be restrained
讲解部分：
1. 联合国艾滋病规划署(UNAIDS)的一位高级官员表示，在艾滋病的防治问题上，中国非政府组织（NGO）的作用还比较薄弱，希望相关机构能够在阻止艾滋病传播方面有更多的参与。
2. non-governmental and community-based organizations：他的简写就是新闻中曾出现的“NGO”——非政府机构。
3. Crucial：至关重要的。
比如说：at the crucial moment，在关键时刻, 重要关头。
常见的习语用法有：crucial to/for sth，
例如：getting this contract is crucial to our company.签订这项合同对我们公司至关重要。
在医学上，crucial还特指十字的，交叉的。
比如：crucial infection，相互传染。
4. Sustainable：可以忍受的。
他的动词sustain是承受，保持的意思。
比如：sustain a defeat，遭受失败。
make a sustained effort to finish off the job.坚持不懈以期完成工作。
在法律上sustain还有“确定，认可；确认…的有效性”的意思。 
比如：The judge has sustained the prosecutor's objection.法官确认原告反对为有效。
5. Restrain：动词限制，遏止。
常见的习语用法有：restrain sb from doing.sth，阻止某人做某事。
比如：restrain a child from doing mischief，制止小孩胡闹
restrain oneself，克制自己。
例如：I tried hard to restrain myself to behave well in such an official occasion，在这样一个正式的场合，我竭力约束自己的言行举止。
知识点回顾：
·NGO：非政府机构和社团组织。
·Crucial：至关重要的。
crucial to/for sth，对什么至关重要。
crucial infection，相互传染。
·Sustainable：可以忍受的。
sustain：承受，保持。确认…的有效性。
·Restrain：动词限制，遏止。
restrain sb from doing.sth，阻止某人做某事。
restrain oneself，克制自己。
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Task for HIV/AIDS Prevention & Cure Remains Tough: Wu Yi
Anchor:
The number of confirmed HIV cases in China has increased by more than half in the past year. Chinese Vice-Premier Wu Yi says the HIV/AIDS situation remains grave. She believes AIDS prevention and cure will continue to be a tough job for the government. 
Qiu Wei reports.
Reporter:
According to the Health Ministry, the number of Chinese diagnosed with the HIV virus, which leads to AIDS, had grown to over 135,000 by the end of September.
At the end of September last year, China had recorded 89,000 HIV cases.
At a national conference on HIV/AIDS prevention, Vice Premier Wu Yi reported the situation as grave and predicted the task for prevention and cure will remain tough.
(act in Chinese, 2a/soundbite/1129 Wu)
“In general, the epidemic is spreading at a relatively slow speed throughout the country, but the number of new infections is gradually rising among certain groups and in several regions. Moreover, the epidemic is spreading from high-risk groups to ordinary people.”
Last year, China estimated that by the end of 2003 it would have 840,000 citizens infected with HIV. The World Health Organization’s estimate is lower at about 650,000 cases.
Wu Yi, head of the State Council AIDS working committee notes the number of confirmed infections is only about 16 per cent of the total estimated cases. The difference can be attributed to insuffic
ient testing and monitoring measures.
She added that some local officials are still behind in the task of disease prevention. They fear damage to their political standing and local economic development after reporting a rise in infection rates.
Awareness seems to be one of the biggest problems in the work on HIV/AIDS.
He Xiaolan is a public servant in Beijing. She often gets involved in public campaigns, advocating prevention and treatment of the disease during weekends. She told CRI about her difficulties getting feedback from the public.
(act in Chinese, 2a/soundbite/1129 He)
“I just started off handing out questionnaires. Only three who passed by responded. Many are reluctant to take the questions.”
In light of these challenges the government focus is geared towards strengthening publicity, monitoring and intervention measures to fight the deadly virus.
Wu Yi also revealed that the government will mobilize non-governmental organizations and resources in HIV/AIDS prevention tasks.
Qiu Wei, CRI News.
讲解部分：
1. 总体上看，我国艾滋病仍呈现低流行态势，特定人群和部分地区出现高流行趋势，而且逐步从高危人群向一般人群扩散。近日，国务院副总理吴仪在全国艾滋病防治工作电视电话会议上强调，我国艾滋病疫情和防治工作形势依然严峻，要进一步深入做好防治工作。
2. Grave：形容词重大的，黯淡的，低沉的。名词坟墓。 
例如：a grave decision in a time of crisis.危机时期的重大决定。
常见的习语用法有：
as secret/ silence as the grave，安静得像坟墓，没有一点声音。从这个意思还引申出了严格保守秘密的意思。
例如：I swear I’ll as secret as the grave on what I’ve seen！我发誓，对看到的一切我会守口如瓶！
常用来表示“重大的，严重的，认真的”词语，除了grave之外，还有serious，sober，earnest等等。他们之间的区别在哪里呢？
从他们所侧重的描述的严重或是认真的程度方面我们可作出比较。
Grave暗示与重大事件相关联的庄严和阴沉：
比如：a grave procession，庄严行进的队伍。
Serious暗示认真的程度是一种负责任的关心，在一定程度上可以理解为相对玩而言选择工作。
比如：A serious student of music，一个认真学音乐的学生
Sober强调谨慎和自我克制。
比如：a sober thoughtful man，一个体贴谨慎的男人。
Earnest暗示真诚和意志的强烈。
比如：Both sides in the dispute showed an earnest desire to reach an equitable solution.争论双方都迫切希望和解。
3. Diagnose：动词诊断。
它常与as，with等连用，表示确诊为什么病。
例如新闻中的diagnosed with the HIV virus，意思是确诊为艾滋病。
从诊断的意思，diagnose还可以引申出“判断问题，找出毛病”，
例如：The teacher diagnosed the boy's reading difficulties.老师找出了那孩子阅读上困难的原因。
4. be reluctant to：勉强的，不情愿的。
reluctant是形容词“勉强的，难处理的”。
例如：a reluctant smile.勉强的笑容。
This is a soil reluctant to the plough.这土地很难耕作。
知识点回顾： 
·Grave：形容词重大的，黯淡的，低沉的。名词坟墓。
as secret/ silence as the grave，安静得像坟墓，没有一点声音。严格保守秘密。
Grave暗示与重大事件相关联的庄严和阴沉：
Serious暗示认真的程度是一种负责任的关心，在一定程度上可以理解为相对玩而言选择工作。
Sober强调谨慎和自我克制。
Earnest暗示真诚和意志的强烈。
·Diagnose：动词诊断。
它常与as，with等连用，表示确诊为什么病。
·be reluctant to：勉强的，不情愿的。